Siena, famous for the Cathedral, the rush of the Tower of the Eats and the Plaza of the Field entertains every year that Palios of the assumed one, able to resuscitate every ancient rivalry among the various regions senesi, and that it testifies as the city identity cannot put aside from the history medioevale and Renaissance of the commune.
The city rises on the necks delimited by the course of the rivers Arbia and Hilt, in the geographical area marked to north from the hills of the Chianti with the centers of Monteriggioni and San Gimignano, to east from the Val of Chiana with Arezzo, to South, from the Clays senesi with Montalcino and Montepulciano and to west from the Hills Metallifere.
Although the legend proposes as founder of the city the child of Oar, of the gens Julia, Senio, and with this the heraldic symbol in Siena can be justified represented by a Roman she-wolf, it is more probable than the area it was already inhabited in epoch etrusca.

The center of Sena Julia, is individualized only historically with certainty around the The century a.C, when a military outpost in Rome is born to defense of the roads that you/they brought toward north from the Urbe.
After the fall of the empire in Rome and the occupation of the Longobardis happened AD in the You century, Siena is long the run of the by francigena, one it covers privileged for all those people who wanted to longitudinally move himself/herself/themselves in the Italian peninsula for pilgrimage or business.
It is possible that, somehow, his/her position the choice of the Church has been worth even him to found her/it in the VII century Episcopalian center, and has guaranteed him therefore that economic and cultural development that will bring Siena to proclaim him free commune in the X century
following ten d.C.

Nei the city becomes center of merchant activity and in particolar way financial, until when, the increasing political weight that went developing on the rest in Tuscany, doesn't determine the clash of it with Florence.
After the victory of the ghibellinis in 1260 AD to Montaperti, Siena has to surrender the weapons nine years later to the guelfis in the battle of Hill of Val of hilt, in front of Charles of Angio and the Florentine army. The guide of the city is submitted to a meeting elected by the richest classes, known as "Nine Board" up to 1355 AD During this phase of the history senese, all the principal public buildings are erected, from the Building of the Commune with the Tower of the he/she Eats to the Cathedral, the university and he are founded he/she not only affirms in Tuscany, but in tutt' Italy the school of the painting senese that he/she will see how his/her maximum exponents, after Guido from Siena, Duccio of Buoninsegna, Simone Martini, Ambrogio and Pietro Lorenzetti.

The epoch of great comfort finishes following the famine and to the plague that the years characterize that they precede AD 1348 and they provoke the death of around the two bystanders of the population esteemed senese, then, in almost 100000 unities.
After in the last years of the XIV century, the commune passes in the sphere of influence of the Viscounts, you/he/she is founded AD in 1472, with the purpose to favor the economic development of the least well-to-do classes, that that the most ancient bank of the world is considered the Mountain of the Paschis in Siena.
The city, by now in a slow but progressive decline, first it spends the last decades of 1400 and the first one some 1500 bottom the dominion of Pandolfo Petrucci, then it suffers a definitive defeat against Charles V in the 1555 d.C.Con the essay of Cateau-Cambresis, stipulated alone four years later, also the last resistances of the city senesis that, with the support of French, Montalcino was assembled to, around the figure of Peter Strozzi, you/they are won, abandoning the city in the hands of the family Physicians and determining forever the end of the autonomous life of this commune.